Tuesday, August 25, 2020
Is Abortion the Best Option? Essay -- essays research papers
LIFE à â â â â Numerous individuals talk about numerous issues. Some are more warmed than others are. Premature birth is an issue that partitions are country like no other. Religions, genders, and even ideological groups take inverse sides on the issue. The inquiry is, which sentiment is ethically reasonable? What is premature birth you may inquire? In the Merriam-Webster word reference, premature birth was characterized as instigated end of pregnancy and ejection of undeveloped organism or hatchling: suspension of ordinary development, preceding full turn of events or development. In basic terms, the slaughtering of an incipient organism and removing it. Where did this wrath and fermenting contentions originate from? All things considered, in 1973 the Supreme Court decided for Jane Roe in a 7-2 choice. This choice permitted premature births to be legitimate in every one of the 50 expresses that were performed inside the primary trimester of pregnancy. Preceding this choice, a premature birth was just performed to spare a motherââ¬â¢s life. Since this questionable choice was made, the issue of fetus removal rings all through American culture ordinary (Goldman, Jerry). As not long after the choice in 1973, the American individuals immediately bounced to some side. These different sides were master life and star decision. An ace decision individual accepts that this creating undeveloped organism is only a mass of tissue similarly as creating skin cells or liver cells. This individual accepts that it is the womanââ¬â¢s decision whether to have the infant or not. The infant is being conveyed inside her body and being given supplements by her, and halting the advancement of this embryo under any circumstances is right. This gathering emphatically concurs with the 1973 Supreme Court choice and pushes for more fetus removal rights. A professional lifer accepts that the unborn kid is an individual and has the privilege to live. Prematurely ending this unborn youngster is viewed as a demonstration of homicide to this gathering. John Noonan is a teacher of law at the University of Berkeley. Noonan is a Roman Catholic scholar who contends premature birth is ethically off-base. He shields the preservationist see (master life) by expressing, ââ¬Å"an substance turns into an individual at origination and that premature birth, but to spare the motherââ¬â¢s life, is ethically wrong.â⬠He accepts that hatchlings are blameless people, and since it isn't right to execute honest individuals, which embryos are honest people, it isn't right to slaughter babies. (Premature birth) Noonan poses the inquiry: How would you decide the humankind of a being? He goes o... ...hich 390 are ovulated. When spermatozoon and ovum meet, considers show that just around 20 percent get an opportunity at unconstrained fetus removal. In straightforward terms, the possibility of a baby creating is 1 out of multiple times. This is by all accounts extraordinary chances. (Science Book) à à à à à The next issue to be talked about is understanding. Star decision would contend that one who has encountered, lived and endured, one who have recollections, is more human than one who has not. This qualification isn't useful. An undeveloped organism following two months is encountering, as it is receptive to contact and sensation. Moreover, in the event that a human has lost his memory because of state aphasia, at that point would he say he is not human? In light of this issue he would not be. Nor would the man who has never cherished or learned, for these are absolutely human encounters. à à à à à Finally, I should summarize everything with some scriptural thinking, being a solid adherent to God. The expression of God states, ââ¬Å"do not harm your individual man without reason.â⬠In these terms, when the mankind of a baby is perceived.(Abortion Facts) Abortion essentially disregards the fairness of human life. So I end with an inquiry, are premature births wrong? You choose.
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Friendship essays
Fellowship expositions Companions. Would you be able to envision what life would resemble without them? Who might you spend time with in the cafeteria during lunch? Who might you tell about the new love in your history class whos both adorable and keen? Who might you have those long distance race telephone discussions with, you know, the ones that make your folks insane? As one becomes more established, their view on companionship changes and the gathering of companions they had decreases. ...youths look for coordination in the companion gathering, they are slanted to remove themselves from social control, guardians and different specialists (Rutger 675). As a little youngster, companionship doesn't generally exist, the companions that a kid truly has is progressively similar to an experience. Playing with another kid one day and afterward returning home, that was that until the two children happen to meet once more, which is for the most part in preschool. At the point when a youngster is playing with another kid it seems as though everything rotates around every childs needs. What toy you needed and where you needed to play (Kalb 56). As the adolescent continues into the basic evaluations they start to comprehend that kinship is something other than a companion. They begin to see their companions perspective, share insider facts, plans and emotions and help look for answers for issues. Center school before long comes furthermore the body changing, so do the companions that an individual has. During this time in life the immature experiences pressures from friends, school, and male/female connections and to adapt to these weights, it is simpler to converse with an individual in a similar circumstance rather than a parent that will more than likely reprimand. In puberty, as indicated by Dianna Booher, ...companionship is the most significant relationship in their lives. Perhaps that is on the grounds that companionship is a relationship we uninhibitedly decide to fulfill our particular individual needs. Our folks, siblings, and sisters were given to us (11). T... <! Kinship expositions Kinship There are numerous significant things throughout everyday life, except companionship might be one of the most significant. To live without the experience of fellowship, is existence without living. Human collaboration is a need to endurance, yet created companionships are fundamental to the fruitful prosperity of anybody. In view of Webster's Dictionary, the meaning of a companion is, An individual whom one knows, likes and trusts. But to all, Friendship has no characterized phrasing. The meaning of a companion, and fellowship, depends on one's own thoughts. Numerous individuals search for various qualities in companions, things that might be basic in nature. There are a wide range of kinds of companions that one needs or needs. There are Five distinct classifications for these companions. It is best in nature to perceive and acknowledge different sorts of companions. The main sort of companion in the fellowship is an associate. This is the starting to all nuts and bolts, and more profound fellowships. This is the individual with whom, is just known on an unadulterated, and essential level. The understanding to this current individual's life, is just a perception from an individual's discernment. Ordinarily, these are the sorts of companions that an individual may meet in school, at work, nearby hang outs, or some place that is frequented regularly. They are welcomed with a negligible grin, and day by day welcoming. These are the individuals that know about their associate's presence and value their exertion. Their thoughtful words can put a grin on the substance of anybody, however the genuine importance is not really reality. The Waitress at the neighborhood café could be a colleague, in the event that she knows an individual's standard daily schedule, just as waves on the off chance that she is seen outside of work. The customary associate mig ht be somebody that sits in class that is shared. It could even be a companion of a companion, somebody that is seen regularly yet the degree of discussions once in a while going into profundity. These people we meet, barely address, yet w... <!
Saturday, August 1, 2020
Real Oxbridge Interview Questions Answered Engineering
Real Oxbridge Interview Questions Answered Engineering The OE Blog Engineering is another one of those tricky interview subjects where candidates can be especially nervous, as many fear they do not have enough technical knowledge of the subject to succeed. But fear not â" admissions tutors are fully aware that your A-level teaching will not have covered the subject comprehensively â" they are looking for how you might respond to teaching in future and how you use your brain and logic to respond to engineering problems as they are presented to you. This weekâs genuine Oxbridge interview question comes from Byron Byrne, of the Department of Engineering Science at Oxford University. âHow would you design a gravity dam for holding back water?â One Step at a Time The most dangerous pitfall with this question is to try to answer it outright rather than approaching it gradually, one step at a time. Byrne explains that the most successful candidates will first try to determine the forces acting on the dam in order to consider the âstability of the wall under the action of those forcesâ. So remember, it is often important to turn the question on its head â" the answer canât be given until you have worked out the conditions under which it will operate. Always consider the forces acting on a structure first before proposing potential structural decisions. Embrace Failure! It sounds strange, but candidates are often so nervous and so keen to impress at interview that when asked a design question like this one they jump straight to solutions and ideas, when what the interviewer is actually looking for is an awareness or an ability to hypothesise areas in which the project might fail. In this case it is important to acknowledge that the force of the water might be too great, causing the dam to fall, or that other problems like sliding, structural faults, or water seeping beneath the dam may occur. The best engineers will approach a design problem by considering every aspect of the potential outcome, with possible failure and potential problems an integral part of the planning process. Only once you have considered all the ways in which you might fail may you offer a solution that is capable of addressing these issues. Be Enthusiastic Byrne acknowledges that much of the expertise necessary to answer this question will not have been taught at A-level, but says that seeing whether a candidate shows real enjoyment and enthusiasm for this kind of engineering puzzle is just as important in determining interview success. So remember, the way you approach the question, how well you absorb new ideas when the interviewer offers them to you and how positively you engage with the discussion are all as important as prior knowledge. Combine Forces Using maths and physics and applying them to specific design and engineering problems are major skills that the interviewer will be looking for. It doesnât matter if you arenât quite sure what the right mathematical expressions or physics formulae are, or exactly how to apply them to the problem â" the main thing is to show that you are trying. It is much better to suggest a potential use of maths or physics to help solve the problem than to keep quiet because you arenât sure what would be the right thing to do. Byrne hopes that having acknowledged the potential for the water to push the dam over, candidates would then âconstruct simple mathematical expressions to predict when this would occurâ. Above all remember that in these subjects where you may not have a great deal of prior knowledge, the interviewer will always be ready to help and point you in the right direction. Asking for help or admitting you donât know will not count against you, but a bad attitude, disinterest or lack of trying will.
Friday, May 22, 2020
Essay Offshore Outsourcing - 2552 Words
INTRODUCTIONnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;3 THE HISTORY OF OUTSOURCINGnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;4 HOW IS IT POSSIBLE?nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;6 WHY DO WE OUTSOURCEnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;10 WHO ARE WE OUTSOURCINGnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;12 THE FUTURE OF OFFSHORE OUTSOURCINGnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;13 CONCLUSIONnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;16 BIBLIOGRAPHYnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;17 Introduction nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Offshore outsourcing is not a new practice in the United States. Offshore outsourcing of information technologies services, however, is relatively new to our nation. It is a hot issue in political debates, with this being an election year. Job loss and job creation in theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Outsourcing was not the only way low-wage foreign workers affected the work force in the 1800s. There were also millions of immigrants added to the workforce. When that many new workers were added to the labor force, of course it was not without effect on industrial wagesââ¬âthey were driven down. Both outsourcing and immigration affected the economy in more ways than just the cost of labor. Products were manufactured at a lower cost and thus sold for a lower price. Lower manufacturing costs benefited the companies, and the lower prices of the goods produced benefited consumers. Outsourcing Todayââ¬âOffshore Outsourcing How is it Possible? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;According to Philip Kotler, ââ¬Å"Todayââ¬â¢s economic landscape is being shaped by two powerful forces-- technology and globalization.â⬠Offshore outsourcing is made possible by these same two factors. This is not surprising, given the history of technological advancesââ¬â¢ effects on the economy. Advances in communications technologies and information technologies are making it possible. Several jobs can be performed at one place while reporting to another, by electronically sending the work wherever it is needed. And offshore outsourcing is having a tremendous affect on the economies of the countriesShow MoreRelatedOutsourcing And Offshore Outsourcing : Outsourcing1038 Words à |à 5 PagesRunning Head: Outsourcing and Offshore Outsourcing 1 Outsourcing and Offshore Outsourcing Natasha Bing Grantham University Outsourcing and Offshore Outsourcing 2 Abstract (Greaver, 1999) proclaims that outsourcing is of a strategic nature and that the decision-makingRead MoreEssay on Offshore Outsourcing1661 Words à |à 7 PagesOffshore Outsourcing Currently, it has been reported that many of our jobs, as much as one out of every three private-sector jobs are being sent overseas. What is offshore outsourcing? Outsourcing occurs when a firm subcontracts a business function to an outside supplier. Outsourcing is mainly the result of companies who will always pursue the lowest-cost structure, which means less skilled work will move out of the U.S. to emerging economies. Many believes that this is aRead MoreOffshore Outsourcing: Good or Evil? Essay2179 Words à |à 9 Pagesdevelopment that affects information technology as deeply as the growing offshoring movement deserves attention. It should be noted that offshoring is often treated as synonymous with outsourcing; however, these two methods of increasing a businessââ¬â¢s productivity are not necessarily the same. Outsourcing occurs when a business pays another business or individual ââ¬â sometimes called a vendor or subcontractor ââ¬â to perform work that is important to the operation of the first business. For exampleRead MoreOffshore Outsourcing Essay1693 Words à |à 7 Pageswill discuss offshore outsourcing and the effects it has on the American worker in a technology environment. We begin with the scope of the problem and how it has changed the economy for better and for worst. Various figures representing miscellaneous data about off shoring will be represented. The topics include the background and nature of offshore outsourcing, reasons for outsourcing, why trading promotes gain, current economic standing from outsourcing, and finally how outsourcing affects wagesRead MoreOffshore Outsourcing Essay1447 Words à |à 6 PagesOutsourcing is simply the farming-out of services to a third party. Offshore outsourcing is majorly used in IT related task for which internet plays a vital role along with work related to sales marketing, finance, human resource administration, etc. Quality and effective risk management are two integral parts of offshore outsourcing se rvices. Offshore outsourcing allows businesses to reduce costs, gain staffing flexibility and increase revenue, gain competitive advantage, decrease cycle timeRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Offshore Outsourcing Essay1765 Words à |à 8 Pages Advantages and Disadvantages of Offshore Outsourcing Kati Methvin University of North Alabama ââ¬Æ' Advantages and Disadvantages of Offshore Outsourcing Today, offshore outsourcing is an attractive alternative to in-house or domestic production. The approach imports several advantages that appeal to companies, particularly multinationals, which explains the great traction that it has gained across the globe. Even so, delegating tasks to foreign third parties also carries a suite of new risks that businessesRead MoreCorporate Offshore Outsourcing And Its Relevance For Workers Rights1684 Words à |à 7 PagesThis paper explores the issue of corporate offshore outsourcing and its relevance to workersââ¬â¢ rights. First and foremost, it is necessary to define both corporate offshore outsourcing and workersââ¬â¢ rights in order to fully grasp the issues associated with corporate offshore outsourcing. Next, this analysis includes reasons for the emergence of this practice and the negative consequences of this practice on both workers in the United States and abroad. The current issues with this practice are exemplifiedRead More An Ethical and Global Analysis of Software Offshore Outsourcing2791 Words à |à 12 PagesAn Ethical and Global Analysis of Software Offshore Outsourcing Introduction Before acquiring its current negative connotation, outsourcing referred to the practice of turning over parts of a business to a company that specialized in that activity. For instance, Cisco Systems, Brocade Communications, and other leading original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) outsource their manufacturing to Solectron Corporation, where I was a summer intern. By partnering with Solectron, OEMs can gain accessRead MoreWhich Determinants Influence Foreign Investors Offshore Outsourcing Decision In Bangladesh Case Study7944 Words à |à 32 PagesFIRST CHAPTER 1.1. Research Background and Motivations In todayââ¬â¢s competitive business world, to increase global business,consumer demands as well as expands market size offshore outsourcing has become a common movement. Due to forceful competition, diminution product life cycle, changing consumer taste, preferences and sensitivity, progressing new knowledge, innovation, learning and technology and stakeholderââ¬â¢s enthusiasm companies, at present, continuously need to revamp their value chain (BertrandRead MoreThe Benefits of Offshore Outsourcing Essay974 Words à |à 4 PagesIf offshore outsourcing has such a negative impact on the economy, then why are businesses practicing it? Is it just because of greed? Actually, offshore outsourcing can promote economic growth in some ways. First off, what exactly is offshore outsourcing? Simply put, offshore outsourcing is a business tactic where a company sends a part of their service to another country to be run by a different company. Offshore outsourcing has been seen as a n egative business tactic. However, it affects
Sunday, May 10, 2020
Women s Art Journey By Depicting Women - 941 Words
From ancient times to the present, many artists begin their art journey by depicting women. Although women have been excluded from art history for a few centuries, a closer look at what inspired great male artists shows they were still very much involved. For some of historyââ¬â¢s most famous artists, the lives of women were not simple ones, they were more than muses or wives; they were partners in love, passion and creativity. As Marie-Therese Walter to Picasso, Frida Kahlo to Diego Rivera. Before the modern art era, portraying a female nude in paintings were forbidden. However, this forbidden rule did not restrain artistsââ¬â¢s passion for portraying women. Figures from Greek mythology rivalled saints and biblical characters in arts, providing endless opportunities for erotic portrayals. Of these, Venus was the most popular. According to myth, Kronos cut off Uranusââ¬â¢s genital and cast them into the sea, the foam of which symbolizes his semen. Aphrodite, or Venus, was bo rn fully grown from that foam. Venus represents the goodness of love, sex, beauty, and fertility. Botticelliââ¬â¢s Birth of Venus (c. 1484; Florence, Uffizi), Titianââ¬â¢s Venus of Urbino (c. 1538; Florence, Uffizi) and Francois Boucherââ¬â¢s The Toilette of Venus(c.1751, French, Paris) can all in their different ways be recognized as personifications of sexual beauty and also reflects the role of women in society. Botticelliââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Birth of Venusâ⬠â⬠remains one of the profound treasures of the Florentine Renaissance.Show MoreRelatedThe Way Of The Ways1687 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe history of art. Even an advanced course focusing on fetishism, in art that is, failed to reveal to me the frankness of these drawings, while exposing me to similar subjects in arts ranging from the primitive, as produced by the first peoples of the Earth, to contemporary photography. These drawings were produced by Giulio Romano, a student of Raphael, in the early 1520s and subsequently engraved and printed by Marcantonio Raimondi. They form a series of sixteen images depicting a variety ofRead MoreThe Art Museum : New York948 Words à |à 4 Pagesdream. For we did not conceive of this new idea. I have been blessed with such an opportunity, to view the art of the ââ¬Å"modern man.â⬠I am taken to a location called the SoHo Contemporary Art Museum, where I am placed before a picture of a man by the name of Charlie Chaplin. As I study the painting, the colors catch my eye in ways that I am not accustomed to. They are vibrant and catch the viewer s eye in such a way that makes your eyes gaze outwards, but then lures them back to the image of the man standingRead MoreA Renaissance Time Traveler - Original Writing951 Words à |à 4 Pagesdream. For we did not conceive of this new idea. I have been blessed with such an opportunity, to view the art of the ââ¬Å"modern man.â⬠I am taken to a location called the SoHo Contemporary Art Museum, where I am placed before a picture of a man by the name of Charlie Chaplin. As I study the painting, the colors catch my eye in ways that I am not accustomed to. They are vibrant and catch the viewer s eye in such a way that makes your eyes gaze outwards, but then lures them back to the image of the man standingRead MoreThe Journey Of Postmodern Art1631 Words à |à 7 PagesThe Journey to Postmodern Art The field of visual art is extremely broad, therefore art historians have been attempting to categorize it based on style, time of creation, and subject matter for centuries. Much like any other sociological aspect of life, the culture and time period in which it was made has a great impact on the artist which directly influences their art. Though art is and always has been a way for someone to express themselves, limitations from certain parties took some of that experienceRead MoreJacques â⬠Joseph Tissot s Waiting For The Train1842 Words à |à 8 PagesPublic Art Gallery) by painting the interaction of a young middle-class woman and the modern environment of a London train station. Tissot (1836-1902) was a French Realist who broke away from the traditions of religious and classical painting through the style of rigorous naturalism which was common in the nineteenth century. He paints life as it is in the modern era, depicting the social and cultural norms of the time. The so cial and cultural norms of the nineteenth century are seen in Tissot s WaitingRead MoreMedical Ethics Final Essay : Medicine1553 Words à |à 7 Pagessixty from hating God and blaming everyone for her cancer to now becoming a righteous women. She would go to the mosque every Friday, pray every day, and find ways that proactively explained her cancer and the pain she faces every day. Middle of 2007 after battling cancer for almost two years she was finally Cancer free and from then on she is one of the most grateful women I know. The stories, poems, and works of art that I have encountered in this class has great correlation to my aunts cancer storyRead More Madonna: Successfully Incorporating Sexuality Into Music Essay1084 Words à |à 5 Pagesshe has publicised herself through the media, and through this media she has stuck to the concept that sex does sell. Madonna was born on the 16th of August 1958 as Louise Veronica Ciccone, in Bay City, Michigan. She began her journey into the most influential industry and medium by moving to New York to become a ballerina. From this young age she was very aware of the human body and the way it is perceived. She knew that the body needed to be sold in some way,Read MoreAre Asher Levs Paintings Disrespectful to His Parents?1598 Words à |à 7 PagescenterbAre Asher s paintings of the Cruxifixion an ultimate act of disrespect towards his parents?/b/center br brAsher Lev paints against the values of his family and community. He disregards Jewish traditions and observance by pursuing his passion for art. His individuality has him disobeying the Rebbe, the mashphia, his mythic ancestor as well as his parents. Asher does not intend for his artwork to be harmful, but that they convey truths and feelings. Yet, the Brooklyn CrucifixionsRead MoreWhy Alam Attends An Art Gallery Essay1866 Words à |à 8 PagesThis sense of gratitude for oneââ¬â¢s own works is also demonstrated multiple times within text, but one of my favorite instances is the scene where Alam attends an art gallery showcase and chooses the cheapest piece of art work that featured a black woman in it. This, in his mind, is achieving the goal of representing feminin ity, beauty, and blackness within his household. He truly feels satisfactory, and even proud of himself, of this act when in all reality the image has no significance to the messageRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Eyes Of A Journalist By Camille Preaker Essay2039 Words à |à 9 Pagesthe 2000ââ¬â¢s, somewhere down in the bible-belt south. Preaker ââ¬â a white female in her thirties ââ¬â has a multitude of mental issues, two recounted in the book are depression and self-injurious behavior (e.g. cutting). Recently being discharged from her 6-month care at a psychiatric hospital for the aforementioned ailments, she is sent for work to her hometown. There are two seemingly-linked cases of young girls: a missing and a murdered one, with the potential serial killer. On her journey, Preaker:
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Business Report Free Essays
As a world-leading cosmetic company of Australia and established in 1985, Jurlique has expanded its customers at a staggering rate recently. I have used its products for many years and am one of its loyal customers. Although Jurlique has conducted its businesses beyond Australia and gradually penetrated into many other countries, it neglects an imperative country that can contribute to boost its sales and profits significantly, namely China. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Report or any similar topic only for you Order Now Because Jurlique has not entered into Chinese market, every time I come back to China, my relatives and friends always will ask me to bring them its products. Therefore, I am thinking whether Jurlique can expand its businesses into Chinese market so that its loyal customers can purchase its products conveniently and easily. It is widely know that the most unique quality of Jurlique is its natural elements in products. Almost all the other cosmetic products contain various chemical compositions that may potentially have subtle negative influence on customers. However, Jurlique plants raw materials that its products need on its own and provides pure and natural materials for its products, so that these products are environmental friendly. Due to such unique character, Jurlique gradually attracts more and more loyal customers. Thus, for Jurlique, operating its businesses in China becomes increasingly necessary. With Chinese cheap labour, Jurlique can establish factory in China to manufacture its products. And with the assistance of excellent marketing strategies, there is no doubt that Jurlique can achieve huge success in Chinese market. Executive Summary Jurlique can select China to be its target country. As an emerging country, China has the highest GDP growth around the world. This situation means that there are numerous opportunities for various companies to conduct their businesses in this emerging market. Hence, Jurlique can profit from these numerous opportunities by operating its businesses there. Furthermore, owning the largest population around the world, there is no denying that China has significant potential for digesting the products of Jurlique. To be more specific, Chinese people are more affluent than before. It is universally acknowledged that during the economic crisis period, Chinese people contribute the most to continue flourishing luxury industry. And Chinese women lay more emphasis on their faces than before, thereby providing enormous opportunity for cosmetic industry. Consequently, China is an extremely appropriate choice for Jurlique to expand its business. Because Jurlique is a famous brand around the world and and belongs to high-end products. Therefore, it mainly targets its customers in China at affluent people. Although affluent people only account for small part of the whole Chinese people, due to the large population base, there are still a large number of Chinese people to spend money on its products. Jurlique can distribute its products in China mainly through two ways. The first one is online sales. The prevalent online shopping phenomenon in China can help Jurlique reach the most potential customer. The other one is set up counters in shopping malls, which is the most frequent places people go to buy cosmetics. Campaign Strategy It has been mentioned that the main potential customers of Jurlique are affluent women. And those women generally live in such big cities as Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and so on. Therefore, Jurlique can start its business from the Chinese fashion city, namely Shanghai. It is widely known that Shanghai women usually spend more time and money than others on makeup. And then this company can gradually penetrate its business into other cities and take full advantages of Chinese market to expand its businesses, thereby achieving high profits. Undeniably, the giant influence of advertisement can not be ignored and therefore the first step of starting Jurliqueââ¬â¢s business should be effective advertising. Firstly, appropriate slogan should be made. Because the unique quality of Jurlique is its natural and pure raw material and the main function of its products is make women be beautiful and charming, the brand slogan can be ââ¬Å"for your natural beautyâ⬠. As to advertisement, Chinese people should be its models in order to show people directly that products of Jurlique can beautify not only western people but also eastern people. In order to boost its sales effectively and smoothly, Jurlique should conduct some promotions in accordance with local culture. And the most effective promotional method should be advertising (Gabriel, Kottasz, Bennett, 2006). There are a host of ways can be used for advertising. The most effective one is TV advertising. To be more precise, there are numerous fashion programs on TV now and they attract a vast number of fashion people to be their audience. More importantly, some TV stations even specially set up a fashion channel to broadcast fashion related programs. As a consequence, by advertising on these channels, Jurlique can effectively and efficiently cover its target customers as many as possible. Additionally, Jurlique also can advertise on fashion magazines. These magazines have the same target customers as Jurlique and therefore can effectively and efficiently deliver its information to customers. Another advertising way is billboards. They generally should be established in subway station (Low, Mohr, 2000), because in China, the majority of white-collars who can be potential customers of Jurlique are prone to take subway when getting off work. During the time of waiting for trains, people usually have nothing to do. If there are some gorgeous billboards in front of them, they are inclined to staring at these billboards to appreciate their fabulous content. And them, these people may be motivated in large distance to buy the advertised products. In order to make Jurlique operate smoothly in China, this company also should consider the timeline and costs of its expansion. As to timeline, Jurlique can start its business from Shanghai. About several months later, its business can be expanded to Beijing, and then other big cities. Turning to cost, it is one of the most crucial parts for company, because it relates to its profits. For cosmetic business, advertisements usually occupy the most costs, because gorgeous and luxury advertising contents can contribute to consolidate its high-end position and the high price can offset increased cost in advertisement (Mitchel, 1985). As a result, Jurlique can allocate more money on advertising costs than other aspects. How to cite Business Report, Papers
Wednesday, April 29, 2020
The Id in Macbeth Essay Example
The Id in Macbeth Paper The id, according to Freud, represented innate desires such as hunger, sex, and anger. In looking at Macbeth one would assume that Lady Macbeth, being power- hungry as she was, would represent this component, however, these traits were evident in Macbeth himself. In Act II Machetes old drives him to kill Duncan and although his desire is shadowed by that of Lady Macbeth, ultimately he kills, demonstrating the part of Macbeth that is his old. As the play progresses Machetes old becomes Increasingly dominant. In act Ill, scene IV, Macbeth declares, We are yet but young In deed, foreshadowing that his most evil of actions are yet to come. The final act captures the essence of Frauds Idea of the old In Machetes statement While I see lives, the gashes do better upon them, meaning that Macbeth was willing to harm any life that was in his way. Masculinity is another symbol for the id throughout this play. Lady Macbeth questions Machetes masculinity several times at one point asking, are you a man? She also uses manhood when convincing Macbeth to kill Duncan. We will write a custom essay sample on The Id in Macbeth specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Id in Macbeth specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Id in Macbeth specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Later, when Macbeth decides to have Banquet killed he uses masculinity to convince the murderers. He says, ay, in the catalogue ye go for men/ As hounds and greyhounds, mongrels, spaniels, curs/Soughs, water-rugs, and deem-wolves are slept/ All by the name of dogs (actual sentences-96). In Machetes utilization of masculinity to convince the men to kill, It Is further supported that emasculation Is a symbol for the old. Since Lady Macbeth uses this method frequently, It Is evident why one would assume she represents the old, when In reality, she does not. Alternatively, Macbeth has recurring hallucinations that represent the decency in him. Is this a dagger which I see before me, he exclaims, hallucinating, the handle toward my hand, this hallucination occurring in act II supports the idea that perhaps Machetes hallucinations are metaphors for his superego. This represents the moral part of humans. It pulls a person to do the right thing, opposing the old. Although many critics disagree with the idea that Macbeth is a good person, these hallucinations show the existence of a superego, meaning he has some morality thin him. After he commits the murder Macbeth says Will all great Neptune ocean wash the blood clean from my hands? (Actual scene). This is another example of Machetes superego being revealed. The final component In Frauds theory Is the Idea of the Ego which Is the part that maintains a balance between the old and the Superego. Naturally, there would need to be some type of mediator between the two as they are polar opposites. Unnaturally Tort Machete Nils ego Is Tautly Ana ones up Dealing ten reason Tort ten destruction he causes. During the dinner in Act Ill Machetes old and Superego come in direct contact with one another and it results in madness. Macbeth has a hallucination of Banquet, a surfacing of his Superego, in the midst of his Ids every increasing power over him. Theoretically, when the Superego and the old conflict, or when the ego fails to maintain balance between the two, it results in anxiety. When told to take his seat, Macbeth, seeing a ghost of Banquet in his chair, replies with, the tables full. This is the first indicator of the internal collision that is about to occur. Machetes anxiety and unease is demonstrated where now his words and fear are uncontrollable. In this direct clash of Superego and d, Shakespeare reveals Machetes weak Ego in its inability to manage the two extremes within him. Ultimately Macbeth is a story about a man who is neither in conflict with his power-hungry wife, or his lack of character, but his inability to balance between two extremes fighting within him. Shakespeare wrote Macbeth about a man who had a flawed Ego and the calamity that occurred as a result. The Id in Macbeth Essay Example The Id in Macbeth Paper The id, according to Freud, represented innate desires such as hunger, sex, and anger. In looking at Macbeth one would assume that Lady Macbeth, being power- hungry as she was, would represent this component, however, these traits were evident in Macbeth himself. In Act II Machetes old drives him to kill Duncan and although his desire is shadowed by that of Lady Macbeth, ultimately he kills, demonstrating the part of Macbeth that is his old. As the play progresses Machetes old becomes Increasingly dominant. In act Ill, scene IV, Macbeth declares, We are yet but young In deed, foreshadowing that his most evil of actions are yet to come. The final act captures the essence of Frauds Idea of the old In Machetes statement While I see lives, the gashes do better upon them, meaning that Macbeth was willing to harm any life that was in his way. Masculinity is another symbol for the id throughout this play. Lady Macbeth questions Machetes masculinity several times at one point asking, are you a man? She also uses manhood when convincing Macbeth to kill Duncan. We will write a custom essay sample on The Id in Macbeth specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Id in Macbeth specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Id in Macbeth specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Later, when Macbeth decides to have Banquet killed he uses masculinity to convince the murderers. He says, ay, in the catalogue ye go for men/ As hounds and greyhounds, mongrels, spaniels, curs/Soughs, water-rugs, and deem-wolves are slept/ All by the name of dogs (actual sentences-96). In Machetes utilization of masculinity to convince the men to kill, It Is further supported that emasculation Is a symbol for the old. Since Lady Macbeth uses this method frequently, It Is evident why one would assume she represents the old, when In reality, she does not. Alternatively, Macbeth has recurring hallucinations that represent the decency in him. Is this a dagger which I see before me, he exclaims, hallucinating, the handle toward my hand, this hallucination occurring in act II supports the idea that perhaps Machetes hallucinations are metaphors for his superego. This represents the moral part of humans. It pulls a person to do the right thing, opposing the old. Although many critics disagree with the idea that Macbeth is a good person, these hallucinations show the existence of a superego, meaning he has some morality thin him. After he commits the murder Macbeth says Will all great Neptune ocean wash the blood clean from my hands? (Actual scene). This is another example of Machetes superego being revealed. The final component In Frauds theory Is the Idea of the Ego which Is the part that maintains a balance between the old and the Superego. Naturally, there would need to be some type of mediator between the two as they are polar opposites. Unnaturally Tort Machete Nils ego Is Tautly Ana ones up Dealing ten reason Tort ten destruction he causes. During the dinner in Act Ill Machetes old and Superego come in direct contact with one another and it results in madness. Macbeth has a hallucination of Banquet, a surfacing of his Superego, in the midst of his Ids every increasing power over him. Theoretically, when the Superego and the old conflict, or when the ego fails to maintain balance between the two, it results in anxiety. When told to take his seat, Macbeth, seeing a ghost of Banquet in his chair, replies with, the tables full. This is the first indicator of the internal collision that is about to occur. Machetes anxiety and unease is demonstrated where now his words and fear are uncontrollable. In this direct clash of Superego and d, Shakespeare reveals Machetes weak Ego in its inability to manage the two extremes within him. Ultimately Macbeth is a story about a man who is neither in conflict with his power-hungry wife, or his lack of character, but his inability to balance between two extremes fighting within him. Shakespeare wrote Macbeth about a man who had a flawed Ego and the calamity that occurred as a result.
Friday, March 20, 2020
The Bean Trees by Barbara Kingsolver essays
The Bean Trees by Barbara Kingsolver essays There seems to be a buzz going around about Barbara Kingsolver's indifference towards men. Much of that, though, is generated by one of her first novels, The Bean Trees. It does ring true, for this particular story, that only one man out of many plays a laudable part. But that novel fails to represent Kingsolver's entire spectrum of stories. Another one of her just as successful novels, Animal Dreams, highlights a major male character, and a few others, with a positive sheen. The two novels, so similar in the way of a woman's self-journey, are also quite different when it comes to outlooks on men. The reason Taylor Greer, the main character in The Bean Trees, leaves her hometown is because there is nothing for her there. Mainly, she has seen pretty much every woman in the town "get hogtied to a future as a tobacco farmer's wife", or some equal/worse fate. The men in her life, including her father, have instilled a bad feeling in Taylor, either by being lazy and boring, leaving their spouses, or even beating the women who "love" them. By the time the cute northern high school teacher comes along, Taylor isn't even "moony" over him and he would be the one to like. So as a young girl, she learns not to be easily impressed by members of the male species. As the novel rumbles along her path of discovery, it refuses to introduce any positive men except for Estevan, the unattainable. It only brings in more reasons to dislike them, actually, with Taylor's best friend left heartbroken by her husband, and with Taylor's success in a virtually all-female close-knit circle of friends. Nothing in this novel suggests a positive feeling towards men. A couple of years after The Bean Trees, Kingsolver introduced a new novel called Animal Dreams. This one goes against any "male-bashing" that readers may have picked up from her previous work. In fact, it uses a man to help the main character, Codi, feel most at home with herself and her town. ...
Wednesday, March 4, 2020
World War I - Middle East and Africa Campaigns
World War I - Middle East and Africa Campaigns As World War I descended across Europe in August 1914, it also saw fighting erupt across the colonial empires of the belligerents. These conflicts typically involved smaller forces and with one exception resulted in the defeat and capture of Germanys colonies. Also, as the fighting on the Western Front stagnated in to trench warfare, the Allies sought secondary theaters for striking at the Central Powers. Many of these targeted the weakened Ottoman Empire and saw the spread of fighting to Egypt and the Middle East. In the Balkans, Serbia, who had played a key role in starting of the conflict, was ultimately overwhelmed leading to a new front in Greece. War Comes to the Colonies Formed in early 1871, Germany was a later comer to the competition for empire. As a result, the new nation was forced to direct its colonial efforts towards the less preferred parts of Africa and the islands of the Pacific. While German merchants began operations in Togo, Kamerun (Cameroon), South-West Africa (Namibia), and East Africa (Tanzania), others were planting colonies in Papua, Samoa, as well as the Caroline, Marshall, Solomon, Mariana, and Bismarck Islands. In addition, the port of Tsingtao was taken from the Chinese in 1897. With the outbreak of war in Europe, Japan elected to declare war on Germany citing its obligations under the Anglo-Japanese Treaty of 1911. Moving quickly, Japanese troops seized the Marianas, Marshalls, and Carolines. Transferred to Japan after the war, these islands became a key part of its defensive ring during World War II. While the islands were being captured, a 50,000-man force was dispatched to Tsingtao. Here they conducted a classic siege with the aid of British forces and took the port on November 7, 1914. Far to the south, Australian and New Zealand forces captured Papua and Samoa. Battling for Africa While the German position in the Pacific was quickly swept away, their forces in Africa mounted a more vigorous defense. Though Togo was swiftly taken on August 27, British and French forces encountered difficulties in Kamerun. Though possessing greater numbers, the Allies were hampered by distance, topography, and climate. While initial efforts to capture the colony failed, a second campaign took the capital at Douala on September 27. Delayed by weather and enemy resistance, the final German outpost at Mora was not taken until February 1916. In South-West Africa, British efforts were slowed by the need to put down a Boer revolt before crossing the border from South Africa. Attacking in January 1915, South African forces advanced in four columns on the German capital at Windhoek. Taking the town on May 12, 1915, they compelled the colonys unconditional surrender two months later. The Last Holdout Only in German East Africa was the war to last the duration. Though the governors of East Africa and British Kenya wished to observe a pre-war understanding exempting Africa from hostilities, those within their borders clamored for war. Leading the German Schutztruppe (colonial defense force) was Colonel Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck. A veteran imperial campaigner, Lettow-Vorbeck embarked on a remarkable campaign which saw him repeatedly defeat larger Allied forces. Utilizing African soldiers known as askiris, his command lived off the land and conducted an ongoing guerilla campaign. Tying down increasingly large numbers of British troops, Lettow-Vorbeck suffered several reverses in 1917 and 1918, but was never captured. The remnants of his command finally surrendered after the armistice on November 23, 1918, and Lettow-Vorbeck returned to Germany a hero. The Sick Man at War On August 2, 1914, the Ottoman Empire, long known as the Sick Man of Europe for its declining power, concluded an alliance with Germany against Russia. Long courted by Germany, the Ottomans had worked to re-equip their army with German weapons and used the Kaisers military advisors. Utilizing the German battlecruiser Goeben and light cruiser Breslau, both of which had been transferred to Ottoman control after escaping British pursuers in the Mediterranean, Minister of War Enver Pasha ordered naval attacks against Russian ports on October 29. As a result, Russia declared war on November 1, followed by Britain and France four days later. With the beginning of hostilities, General Otto Liman von Sanders, Ever Pashas chief German advisor, expected the Ottomans to attack north into the Ukrainian plains. Instead, Ever Pasha elected to assault Russia through the mountains of the Caucasus. In this area the Russians advanced first gaining ground as the Ottoman commanders did not wish to attack in the severe winter weather. Angered, Ever Pasha took direct control and was badly defeated in the Battle of Sarikamis in December 1914/January 1915. To the south, the British, concerned about ensuring the Royal Navys access to Persian oil, landed the 6th Indian Division at Basra on November 7. Taking the city, it advanced to secure Qurna. The Gallipoli Campaign Contemplating the Ottoman entry into the war, First Lord of the Admiralty Winston Churchill developed a plan for attacking the Dardanelles. Using the ships of the Royal Navy, Churchill believed, partially due to faulty intelligence, that the straits could be forced, opening the way for a direct assault on Constantinople. Approved, the Royal Navy had three attacks on the straits turned back in February and early March 1915. A massive assault on March 18 also failed with the loss of three older battleships. Unable to penetrate the Dardanelles due to Turkish mines and artillery, the decision was made to land troops on the Gallipoli Peninsula to remove the threat (Map). Entrusted to General Sir Ian Hamilton, the operation called for landings at Helles and farther north at Gaba Tepe. While the troops at Helles were to push north, the Australia and New Zealand Army Corps was to push east and prevent the retreat of the Turkish defenders. Going ashore on April 25, Allied forces took heavy losses and failed to achieve their objectives. Battling on Gallipolis mountainous terrain, Turkish forces under Mustafa Kemal held the line and fighting stalemated into trench warfare. On August 6, a third landing at Sulva Bay was also contained by the Turks. After a failed offensive in August, fighting quieted as the British debated strategy (Map). Seeing no other recourse, the decision was made to evacuate Gallipoli and the last Allied troops departed on January 9, 1916. Mesopotamia Campaign In Mesopotamia, British forces successfully repelled an Ottoman attack at Shaiba on April 12, 1915. Having been reinforced, the British commander, General Sir John Nixon, ordered Major General Charles Townshend to advance up the Tigris River to Kut and, if possible, Baghdad. Reaching Ctesiphon, Townshend encountered an Ottoman force under Nureddin Pasha on November 22. After five days of inconclusive fighting, both sides withdrew. Retreating to Kut-al-Amara, Townshend was followed by Nureddin Pasha who laid siege to the British force on December 7. Several attempts were made to lift the siege in early 1916 with no success and Townshend surrendered on April 29 (Map). Unwilling to accept defeat, the British dispatched Lieutenant General Sir Fredrick Maude to retrieve the situation. Reorganizing and reinforcing his command, Maude began a methodical offensive up the Tigris on December 13, 1916. Repeatedly outmaneuvering the Ottomans, he retook Kut and pressed towards Baghdad. Defeating Ottoman forces along the Diyala River, Maude captured Baghdad on March 11, 1917. Maude then halted in the city to reorganize his supply lines and avoid the summer heat. Dying of cholera in November, he was replaced by General Sir William Marshall. With troops being diverted from his command to expand operations elsewhere, Marshall slowly pushed towards to the Ottoman base at Mosul. Advancing towards the city, it was finally occupied on November 14, 1918, two weeks after the Armistice of Mudros ended hostilities. Defense of the Suez Canal As Ottoman forces campaigned in the Caucasus and Mesopotamia, they also began moving to strike at the Suez Canal. Closed by the British to enemy traffic at the start of the war, the canal was a key line of strategic communication for the Allies. Though Egypt was still technically part of the Ottoman Empire, it had been under British administration since 1882 and was rapidly filling with British and Commonwealth troops. Moving through the desert wastes of the Sinai Peninsula, Turkish troops under General Ahmed Cemal and his German chief of staff Franz Kress von Kressenstein attacked the canal area on February 2, 1915. Alerted to their approach, British forces drove off the attackers after two days of fighting. Though a victory, the threat to the canal forced the British to leave a stronger garrison in Egypt than intended. Into the Sinai For over a year the Suez front remained quiet as fighting raged at Gallipoli and in Mesopotamia. In the summer of 1916, von Kressenstein made another attempt on the canal. Advancing across the Sinai, he met a well-prepared British defense led by General Sir Archibald Murray. In the resultingà Battle of Romanià on August 3-5, the British forced the Turks to retreat. Going over the offensive, the British pushed across Sinai, building a railroad and water pipeline as they went. Winning battles atà Magdhabaà andà Rafa, they were ultimately stopped by the Turks at the First Battle of Gaza in March 1917 (Map). When a second attempt to take the city failed in April, Murray was sacked in favor of General Sir Edmund Allenby. Palestine Reorganizing his command, Allenby commenced theà Third Battle of Gazaà on October 31. Flanking the Turkish line at Beersheba, he won decisive victory. On Allenbys flank were the Arab forces guided byà Major T.E. Lawrenceà (Lawrence of Arabia) who had previously captured the port of Aqaba. Dispatched to Arabia in 1916, Lawrence successfully worked to foment unrest among the Arabs who then revolted against Ottoman rule. With the Ottomans in retreat, Allenby rapidly pushed north, taking Jerusalem on December 9 (Map). Thought the British wished to deliver a death blow to the Ottomans in early 1918, their plans were undone by the beginning of the Germanà Spring Offensivesà on the Western Front. The bulk of Allenbys veteran troops were transferred west to aid in blunting the German assault. As a result, much of the spring and summer was consumed rebuilding his forces from newly recruited troops. Ordering the Arabs to harass the Ottoman rear, Allenby opened theà Battle of Megiddoà on September 19. Shattering an Ottoman army under von Sanders, Allenbys men rapidly advanced and captured Damascus on October 1. Though their southern forces had been destroyed, the government in Constantinople refused to surrender and continued the fight elsewhere. Fire in the Mountains In the wake of the victory at Sarikamis, command of Russian forces in the Caucasus was given to General Nikolai Yudenich. Pausing to reorganize his forces, he embarked on an offensive in May 1915. This was aided by an Armenian revolt at Van which had erupted the previous month. While one wing of the attack succeeded in relieving Van, the other was halted after advancing through the Tortum Valley towards Erzurum. Exploiting the success at Van and with Armenian guerillas striking the enemy rear, Russian troops secured Manzikert on May 11. Due to the Armenian activity, the Ottoman government passed the Tehcir Law calling for the forced relocation of Armenians from the area. Subsequent Russian efforts during the summer were fruitless and Yudenich took the fall to rest and reinforce. In January, Yudenich returned to the attack winning the Battle of Koprukoy and driving on Erzurum. Taking the city in March, Russian forces captured Trabzon the following month and began pushing south towards Bitlis. Pressing on, both Bitlis and Mush were taken. These gains were short-lived as Ottoman forces under Mustafa Kemal recaptured both later that summer. The lines stabilized through the fall as both sides recuperated from the campaigning. Though the Russian command wished to renew the assault in 1917, social and political unrest at home prevented this. With the outbreak of the Russian Revolution, Russian forces began withdrawing on the Caucasus front and eventually evaporated away. Peace was achieved through theà Treaty of Brest-Litovskà in which Russia ceded territory to the Ottomans. The Fall of Serbia While fighting raged on the major fronts of the war in 1915, most of the year was relatively quiet in Serbia. Having successfully fended off an Austro-Hungarian invasion in late-1914, Serbia desperately worked to rebuild its battered army though it lacked the manpower to do so effectively. Serbias situation changed dramatically late in the year when following Allied defeats at Gallipoli and Gorlice-Tarnow, Bulgaria joined the Central Powers and mobilized for war on September 21. On October 7, German and Austro-Hungarian forces renewed the assault on Serbia with Bulgaria attacking four days later. Badly outnumbered and under pressure from two directions, the Serbian army was forced to retreat. Falling back to the southwest, the Serbian army conducted a long march to Albania but remained intact (Map). Having anticipated the invasion, the Serbs had begged for the Allies to send aid. Developments in Greece Due to variety of factors, this could only be routed through the neutral Greek port of Salonika. While proposals for opening a secondary front at Salonika had been discussed by the Allied high command earlier in the war, they had been dismissed as a waste of resources. This view changed on September 21 when Greek Prime Minister Eleutherios Venizelos advised the British and French that if they sent 150,000 men to Salonika, he could bring Greece into the war on the Allied side. Though quickly dismissed by the pro-German King Constantine, Venizelos plan led to the arrival of Allied troops at Salonika on October 5. Led by French General Maurice Sarrail, this force was able to provide little aid to the retreating Serbians The Macedonian Front As the Serbian army was evacuated to Corfu, Austrian forces occupied much of Italian-controlled Albania. Believing the war in the region lost, the British expressed a desire to withdraw their troops from Salonika. This met with protests from the French and the British unwillingly remained. Building a massive fortified camp around the port, the Allies were soon joined by the remnants of the Serbian army. In Albania, an Italian force was landed in the south and made gains in the country south of Lake Ostrovo. Expanding the front out from Salonika, the Allies held a small German-Bulgarian offensive in August and counterattacked on September 12. Achieving some gains, Kaymakchalan and Monastir were both taken (Map). As Bulgarian troops crossed the Greek border into Eastern Macedonia, Venizelos and officers from the Greek Army launched a coup against the king. This resulted in a royalist government in Athens and a Venizelist government at Salonika which controlled much of northern Greece. Offensives in Macedonia Idle through much of 1917, Sarrailsà Armee d Orientà took control of all of Thessaly and occupied the Isthmus of Corinth. These actions led to the exile of the king on June 14 and united the country under Venizelos who mobilized the army to support the Allies. In May 18, General Adolphe Guillaumat, who had replaced Sarrail, attacked and captured Skra-di-Legen. Recalled to aid in stopping the German Spring Offensives, he was replaced with General Franchet dEsperey. Wishing to attack, dEsperey opened the Battle of Dobro Pole on September 14 (Map). Largely facing Bulgarian troops whose morale was low, the Allies made swift gains though the British took heavy losses at Doiran. By September 19, the Bulgarians were in full retreat. On September 30, the day after the fall of Skopje and under internal pressure, the Bulgarians were granted the Armistice of Solun which took them out of the war. While dEsperey pushed north and over the Danube, British forces turned east to attack an undefended Constantinople. With British troops approaching the city, the Ottomans signed the Armistice of Mudros on October 26. Poised to strike into the Hungarian heartland, dEsperey was approached by Count Krolyi, the head of the Hungarian government, about the terms for an armistice. Traveling to Belgrade, Krolyi signed an armistice on November 10.
Monday, February 17, 2020
Quality and Environmental Management Report Essay
Quality and Environmental Management Report - Essay Example The philosophy regards the processes to be problematic in general and not the employees. Customer satisfaction being the top aim in a quality management system, good leadership and power delegation at different employee levels for increased participation and teamwork. To achieve total quality management, processes and tools must be integrated with each other and the system itself to be recursively controlled by quality assurance check. Inspite of developing quality control methodologies, many European and American companies have not been able to attain much benefit from them. This is mostly because of lack of insight in implementation and mismatches between processes and problems. This means quality management should be treated as a due process with careful choosing of tools. There is a number of quality assurance tools that can be deployed to support a good quality management system for the house manufacturing company. Since the company is producing prefinished products to support t he on site construction, it is essential that the prefinished components are of good quality as evident by the problem occurring for the company. The basic tools to be deployed for the prefinished products range from production floor to advanced technologies and methods including ISO 9001, total quality management and Six sigma method. Seeing that the company already has a production floor as shown in the brief, it can be improved by adapting to Lean manufacturing in addition to these can help the company reduce the costs as well as increase the quality of their products by eliminating any processes and methods that are not useful for the finished product and customer demand. This will be a sure way to save space in the allocated workshops, clean up the processes and have only the customer oriented processes running. With the continuous improvement from total quality management and statistical controls of the Six sigma method, the defects in the prefabrications should be eliminated. As far as the actual causes of the defects occurring in the products are well handled and eliminated, the finished houses will be of good quality. 2. Plan and describe an appropriate ISO 9001 compliant Quality Management System (QMS), which the organization could employ to improve their quality problems. By meeting unique customer requirements and avoiding non-conformities ISO 9001 can help the company achieve full customer satisfaction (Cianfrani & West 2009). To comply with the industrial standards ISO quality standard improves internal operations and also covers the design research and development. Since the companyââ¬â¢s construction is tied to the production of the prefinished products, a holistic approach is the best way to proceed. An appropriate quality management system to comply with a comprehensive set of standards to ensure quality for the customers would be to set up an appropriate organization structure for the company (Case Management Advisor 2004). An appropriate organization structure is a basic set of compliant quality management system that ISO 9001 gives. The organization should start from the top of the organization structure to improve the processes by fixing the processes management structure. The top management should be given clear policies to fully communicate the required products and customer requirem
Monday, February 3, 2020
Project Risk Management Paper 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Project Risk Management Paper 1 - Essay Example It is important to clarify here that risks can be both positive and negative. Therefore, we can also define risk management as the act of reducing negative risks while trying to maximize positive risks. The process of risk management involves determining the outcome of the risk and using it to refine the objectives of the project, determining loose ends, and thus, improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the overall project. We can define the process project risk management into several steps, however, organizations usually combine the steps according to ease of use and utility. One of the main objectives of project risk management is to identify the risks with the highest consequences and possibility of occurrence and then develop possible action plans in case any of risk actually occurs (). Progressive elaboration, which improves the managementââ¬â¢s ability to handle details well also encompasses risk definition as part of its process. Organizations depict different behavior s when it comes to handling risk. Firms that are aggressive and are in a sustainable leading position in their industry would take up projects that are very risky. Similarly, in such firms project managers with creative, innovative ideas are welcome in spite of the project being risky. On the other hand, risk averse organization who are mostly followers in their industry would hesitate from taking on risky project and project managers who take on risk and are aggressive in their management approaches would not be welcome here (What is a project, pg14). The initiating, planning, execution, monitoring and controlling, and closing process groups consists of sub-processes that are used throughout the project lifecycle. These are the knowledge areas (Creating the project charter, pg 44). The monitoring and controlling and execution process groups are very high on the risk probability of occurrence whereas the other process groups have low probability (What is a project, pg 29). The nine knowledge areas of PMBOK have been divided in such a way that each one involves some amount of integration of the other. Project risk management is core to any project and this is why, it begins with the development of project charter. The project charter is a formal document that authorizes the project to begin working and commit the resources. The project charter involves project statement of work, business case, contract, enterprise environmental factors, and organizational process assets. Each aspect of the project charters involves some form of risk assessment such as under the enterprise environmental factors, a project manager has to assess the risk tolerance of the stakeholders meaning the level of risk, the stakeholders of the project and the firm are willing to take for the execution of the project. (Creating the project charter, pg 68). Process of Risk Management We can also define risk as the product of expected consequences of an event or loss and the likelihood of occu rrence. Risk could be characterized into two categories: Macro-risk and Micro-risk. Macro-risk is consideration of risk for a large population of events, where as micro-risk deals with risks on an event-by-event basis. Both forms of risk managements are used depending on the situation (Why project risk Management?, pg 2). Macro-risk Management ââ¬â In the insurance and finance industries, risk is calculated using statistical tools: data collection, sampling, and data analysis.
Sunday, January 26, 2020
The Career Of Ray Charles Music Essay
The Career Of Ray Charles Music Essay Ray Charles has been described by many of his contemporaries, Such as Frank Sinatra, who said, Ray Charles is the only genius in the business. I am going to discuss to what extent Ray Charles contributed to popular music. Ray grew up alongside both gospel and country music and was heavily influenced by these two genres. I am going to discuss how through his integration of gospel and rhythm and blues in releases such as I Got a Woman helped Ray create his own musical identity but ultimately helped to create a whole new musical style Soul. Finally I will discuss how his fusion of white country music through Modern Sounds in Country and Western Music helped to break barriers and introduced country music to a mainstream audience. Nat King Cole and pianist-singer Charles Brown, much to similar style of Cole had a great effect on Ray Charles. Ray closely imitated these artists as a teenager and during his time with Swing Time Records, headed by Jack Lauderdale. However, for Ray too be more successful he would have develop his own musical identity. During the 1950s Ray Charles would begin to blend RB and secularise gospel styles, which would ultimately lead to birth of Soul. He would begin to incorporate the chord changes, song structures, call and response techniques, and vocal screams of gospel. The influence gospel had on Ray is present from an early age. Ray grew alongside church music and would listen to Wings Over Jordan and the Golden Gate Quartet. During his time at school he would regularly sing in a choir and also organise his own informal singing group, which would sing rhythmic gospel music. In 1953 Whilst recording for singer Tommy Ridgeley at the JM Studio, New Orleans, Ray would play a couple of tunes after the session. He performed Feeling Sad funeral march and Guitar Slims and Rays I Wonder Who. His performance is characteristically blues, as ray weeps his way through the lyrics as horns drone sombre chords. However as Micheal Lydon states that after re-listening, Ray opens his voice in baby steps, exploring how to shade his vocal textures. This recording shows that Ray would need to push himself further with his emotional range. Around his birthday after Ray begins to widen his emotional range his friends in New Orleans would notice a change he began to sound like a gospel singer. Trumpeter Wallace Davenport recalls The first time I heard him I thought he was Charles Brown, then he started getting into that church thing. As Ray began to incorporate gospel into his music he would listen to gospel radio and read the Braille bible he carried. Renald Richard explained how Ray loves the blues singers like Joe Turner, but most of all he loved gospel singersà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦He used to talk about Archie Browne, the lead singer with the Five Blind Boys of Mississippi, how much he liked them. He would then begin to sound like them by turning and playing around with his notes, which would be much to the enjoyment of the audience. Later on in December 1953 whilst with Atlantic Records, Armet Ertegun and Jerry Wexler would listen to four arrangements Ray had made on radio station, WDSU. In this you can hear three distinct elements: Jazz, Deep Blues and fervid Gospel, coming together in an early stage, not a sound which is fully refined but one that sounds like Ray Charles. If there was a single turning point in the career of Ray Charles, it probably occurred on November the 18th 1954 at a radio station in Atlanta. It was here Ray and his recently formed band would record I Got a Woman. This was his first hit Ray had with a gospel influence. In October 1954, Ray was touring with his first band toward Indianna. Whilst searching the radio stations he would stop when he found a gospel station. Renald Richard remembered vividly a gospel tune that came on with a good groove and started singing. Ray sang something like I got a woman and I answered yeh she lives cross town then shes good to me. Renald then wrote the song for the next morning to the satisfaction of Ray. I Got a Woman is an archetypal 16 bar secularisation of My Jesus is all the World to me. Others have seen it as a straight rewrite of I Got a Saviour. The songs Ray had performed before like The Suns Gonna Shine had the hortatory tones of a preacher in the pulpit. I Got a Woman was a preacher a t a picnic. Light heartened gospel spiritual joy into sexual delight. It would lift the listener with each of its 4 bar chord change, confirming his optimistic lyrics. Just as the church would joyfully celebrate the glory of God. I got a woman was a record for every happy couple in America, black, white and in-between. The band first performed I Got a Woman for Ahmet and Jerry as they arrived at the Peacock club in Atlanta. Ahmet described how the power and precision had stunned Jerry. Jerry stated that something fantastic had happened, Ray had hatched, ready for fame. Through blending gospel with blues, Ray had the first time fused two strict idioms. In the African-American community the blues and gospel are both part of their culture. However a blues singer didnt sing gospel and a gospel singer didnt sing the blue. It was taboo. Many people believed that it was sacrilegious to mix blues with spirituals says Big Bill Broonzy and American blues singer. However, it quickly rose to the top of the charts in early 1955, the success of I got a woman being down to good attention from both white and black markets. Before, Ray had recorded songs like Mess Around by Ahmet Ertegà ¼n, which were big in the RB charts but not the white charts. A year after its first recording, Elvis Presley would confirm the impression it made by his own cover of I Got a Woman at RCA. In Jan 1955 Billboard quotes as I Got a Woman as one of the most infectious blues sides to come out since the summer. At the following recording session for Atlantic in Miami. Rays defining sound would be clearly and precisely heard. Ray recorded four charts, two straight blues and two gospel charts. The gospel songs This Little Girl of Mine and A Fool For You would reiterate Rays push of his gospel influence. This Little Girl of Mine is an up tempo shouter with a rhythmic Latin feel based on the gospel song This Little Light of Mine. A Fool For You is a 6/8 double time waltz with Rays sanctified singing but without the heavenly lyrics, accompanied by piano gospel licks and preaching horns. Although, like I Got a Woman these two gospel and RB charts was seen as sacrilegious, the mix Ray had created appealed to so many audiences across the nation, and introduced a new music that would have a lasting effect, which would be later labelled as Soul music. As the 1950s progressed vocal groups following Ray Charles, began to add a sense of urgency and meaning- Soul, to their style of music resulting in the groups of Motown and others, including groups like the Chicago based family band called the Staple Singers who had hit songs which were centred around Gospel and RB. Their success followed on into the 1970s. In the late 1950s into the 1960s girl groups joined male Doo-Wop and RR groups, which resulted in groups like The Shirelles, Marveletess and The Supremes. Their material was largely written by the Brill Building writers and received hit records but never usually lasted. As Ray Charles added the gospel influence to his music, such as the call and response backing vocal groups like the Raylettes so too did Aretha Franklin. She reinfused her female backing groups with a gospel influence, which are present in her mid 1960s Atlantic recordings. Other artists like James Brown, who started his career as a singer with the Gospel Starlighters, following the style of Reverends Julius Cheeks and Claude Jeter added RB to their style. The vocal urgency and syncopated dance rhythms of gospel along with top notch RB house bands came together most clearly in the music of James Brown. Combining a Little Richard- style act with other theatrics from Joe Tex and a pleading version of Ray Charles gospel/soul. He then recorded his hit Please, Please, Please. In 1959 Ray released Whatd I Say, a song that became a top ten pop hit and would be one of his last singles with Atlantic before his move to ABC. There are clear gospel influences combined with the sexual innuendo in the song made it not only widely popular but very controversial to both white and black audiences. In the middle of the song. Charles indicated that The Raelettes should repeat what he was doing, and the song transformed into a call and response between Charles, The Raelettes, and the horn section in the orchestra as they called out to each other in ecstatic shouts and moans and blasts from the horns. This improvised interchange between himself and the Raylettes and between the band and audience is much like that of a Preacher and his congregation. Ray also uses gospel dialouge with unuh-uhnnh over charles moans and cries. He also uses phrases like shake that thing and I feel alright, and expression for the body instead of the lord. During Rays early life the influence of country and western music is ever present. When Ray Charles was growing up, the south was full of Country or Hillbilly music. Ray explains how there wasnt a single Saturday night that he wouldnt listen to the Grand Ole Opry on the radio. I loved Grandpa Jones and other characters. I could hear what they were doing and appreciate the feeling behind it. Ray would listen to Jimmie Rodgers, Roy Acuff, Hank Snow, Hank Williams and later Eddie Arnold. I listened to them all the time, I certainly dug it and paid it some mind. In 1948 Ray joined a Hillbilly band called the Florida Playboys. It took just one audition to convince the Playboys that Ray could play country music with genuine flavour, and they hired him, no questions asked about race. For seven months he gigged with the band, playing current country hits of the day like Kentucky Waltz and Anytime in white honky-tonks in and around Tampa, learning to yodel and singing, Waiting All for You. Even as black, blind man, Ray was accepted and applauded just like anyone else by the audience. I could play the music right and I could do country music with as much feeling as any other southernerà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦. I had been hearing it since I was a baby. Long before the birth of his own country music, Charles looked back with pride on his stint with the Playboys.Lydon. In an outtake of a 1950s recording, Ray plays a limpid country lick. The producer chuckles over the studio intercom and says that he didnt know Ray could play Nashville. Ray then replies Man, Didnt you know I gigged with the Florida Playboys His time with the Florida Playboys, though brief would plant a seed in his mind that would rise during the 1960s. After leaving Atlantic Records in 1959, Ray joined ABC and at the end of 1961. He asked Sid Feller to get together 40 country hits from the last twenty years with the idea to record a country album. Sid Feller had not know at the time that Ray liked County and Samuel Clark and Larry Newton the executives at ABC Records were adamantly opposed to the idea that Charles brought to them. The ABC executives said, You cant do no country-western things.Youre gonna lose all your fans! However Feller believed that Ray understood Country music. He describes how Ray loved the simple plaintive lyrics, and he felt that giving the music a lush treatment would make it different Modern Sounds in Country and Western Music is a dozen tunes that runs the whole scope of Nashville from the traditional Careless Love to the rock and roll Bye Bye Love and from Hank Williams to the B-side fail of I Cant Stop Loving You. The tracks alternate from big band to string and voice. However regardless of all the jazz and symphonic effects present, the heart of every arrangement is a simple strummed guitar. Rays bluesy melismas wring every tear out of the country weepers, all the poetry out of their monosyllabic lyrics. I Cant Stop Loving You has a folk song strength, major scale melody, marching up and down over 3 chords and operatic grandeur created by his baritone voice and orchestra. He also uses his trademark letting the chorus lead the lyric with his voice following. Ray sings County in his own way, expanding the country sounds without distorting its colour. Rays own blend obscures the fact that Modern Sounds was his boldest album, which breaks many barriers. Invading white country music in the 1960s was something black pop-jazz singers didnt do. You had to be Country in 1962. After Modern Sounds it became a major player in Rays repertoire and on popular music. His unique blend of Country, Pop, Jazz and RB introduced country music to people of the city and showed to record companies and producers how to arrange their music to reach a much wider audience. Ray Charles played a pivotal role in shaping the course of a seemingly very different genre of popular music. In the words of his good friend and sometimes collaborator, Willie Nelson, speaking before Charles death in 2004, Ray Charles the RB legend did more for country music than any other living human being. The landmark album that earned Ray Charles that praise was Modern Sounds in Country and Western Music, which held at number 1 for 14 weeks and stayed in the charts for 2 years. His single release I Cant Stop Loving You ruled at number 1 on RB and Easy Listening charts for weeks in the summer of 1962 dipping to 3rd in July and beginning to fall in august. As Charles told Rolling Stone magazine a decad e later, But Charles recognized the quality of songs like I Cant Stop Loving You by Don Gibson and You Dont Know Me, by Eddy Arnold and Cindy Walker, and the fact that his version of both of those country songs landed in the Top 5 on both the pop and RB charts was vindication of Charless long-held belief that Theres only two kinds of music as far as Im concerned: good and bad. Following the massive commercial success and notice of Modern Sounds in Country and Western Music, country music experienced an immediate increase in popularity. According to music writer Daniel Cooper, the album raised the genres profile, specifically Nashville sound, of which Charles had covered. Benefiting from this were songwriters, music publishers and country singers who covered the subgenres material. As noted by Cooper, by the end of 1962, Nashville country publishers were being held as the hottest source of music material in the record business these days. Ray Charless success with the stylistic fusion of country and soul on Modern Sounds later lead to country soul efforts from performers, such as Candi Staton and Solomon Burke who were both greatly influenced by Charless Modern Sounds recordings. Many country music artists, such as Willie Nelson and Buck Owens, have cited Charless take on country music and Modern Sounds in Country and Western Music as their major influences. In an interview for Country Music Television, Nelson said of Modern Soundss influence that the album did more for country music than any one artist has ever done. Modern Sounds in Country and Western Music has also been perceived by many critics and writers as a landmark album in American music, as the record was the first to blend the two racially distinct genres of country and soul. Ray Charles all-embracing attitude toward music was one that he developed during his childhood and early career. Ray was immersed in the sounds of jazz, blues, gospel and country in his youth, playing in RB bands and a Country Hillbilly band. Ray Charles pioneered soul music, which had a great effect on popular music. In secularising certain aspects of gospel music with RB, Ray received his first gospel and RB hit I Got a Woman, which received attention from both black and white audiences. Subsequently, further releases like Whatd I Say and the Hallelujah I Lover Her So album attracted a large mainstream audience. His fusion of white country music earned Ray mainstream and crossover success, with his album Modern Sound in Country and Western Music which broke racial stereotypes and exposed country music to city dwellers. It also helped other country artists; particularly them orientated around the Nashville sound, reach a wider audience, raising the genres profile. To him, the bounda ries between those styles of music were made to be crossed, and he made a career out of doing just that having a great effect on popular music.
Friday, January 17, 2020
The summer holiday
After each term in school pupils have holidays. It Is cool to have holidays. You can do whatever you like and you don't have to get up early. Most of all I like summer holidays because they are the longest ones. Last summer was very interesting for me. I don't go to the seaside or somewhere abroad but I spent a good time with my family and my friends. In June I with my friends watched Euro 201 2 and we didn't miss any match. It was a great event for Ukraine. And I think at that moment everybody believed In the victory.In July I went to my grandmother who lives In the village. I had a very good time there, because I had an active rest. I got up early In the morning and worked In the vegetable garden. I helped my granny to water the vegetables and to take care of the plants. The days In the country passed very quickly. I had a lot of things to do every day. Sometimes I went to the forest. It Is not far from the village. There I picked up berries and mushrooms. In the evening I watched TV and read books.August was not very special but it stuck in my memory because of the trip to the mountains with my father. It was very interesting and exciting. We made our trip on the Independence day. We started early in the morning, took some food and equipments. And in the afternoon we were on the tip of Hoverer. We made friends with a lot of people and made many photos. It was wonderful day. We had a very good time. Now my holidays are over and I am looking forward to the next ones. I suppose they will be much better.
Thursday, January 9, 2020
Gilgamesh - Mythology and God - Free Essay Example
Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 768 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/06/24 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Gilgamesh Essay Did you like this example? Over the past hundred years, mythology has aroused to be a key method to understanding lifes confusions and events. In The Epic of Gilgamesh, written by an anonymous author, but translated by N.K. Sanders, lies a hero who is the King of Uruk, scared of oblivion. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Gilgamesh Mythology and God" essay for you Create order From story to story, heroes can experience either what they call a journey or struggle. Gilgamesh, the hero in his tale, travels through the whole heros journey quest, discovering what his purpose in life was. Over time, Gilgamesh transforms his appearance as he undergoes many experiences throughout his journey. Through three main stages; departure, initiation, and return Gilgamesh successfully followed the hero quest journey because of his heroic characteristics and transformation into a better version of himself. In the beginning, Gilgamesh is far from perfect because he only cares for himself, rather than his people. The king, Gilgamesh continually oversteps his bounds as a ruler. His people, upset over the liberties (Sanders 4). As a king, one would expect the decisions he would make would be based on his peoples opinions, however Gilgamesh did not play by this rule. He thought of himself as a higher individual and would do anything to please his choices and desires. In response to the kings poor decision making, the gods send a match for Gilgamesh (Sanders 5). The gods decide send down Enkidu after they realize Gilgameshs choices are getting out of hand. They hoped this would make Gilgamesh pay attention to his poor decision making by having someone help him with his choices. All heroes do not start off making perfect choices however, they grow from their mistakes, morphing into a stronger individual over time. The road Gilgamesh begins to follow can be described as a trial of tasks, tests, or ordeals that he must undergo to begin his transformation. When Gilgamesh and Enkidu have to fight the Bull of Heaven, you can see Gilgameshs supportive side come out as he tells Enkidu keep fighting, together we are sure to win (Sanders 3). Not long after successfully defeating the bull, Gilgameshs confident attitude it restored. At this point in the story, we see the arrogant king express his supportive side. The next big test the Gilgamesh faces that ultimately shows his transformation in his character is when he says, Let the gods accept these, let them welcome my friend and walk at his side in the underworld, so that Enkidu may not be sick at heart after the lost of Enkidu (Sanders 4). He lost his other half and is devastated. Gilgamesh acts in a very selfless manner as he offers his personal treasures and goods to the underworld gods in order to make sure Enkidu is welcomed. Not only is Gilgamesh expressing vulnerability and sympathy, but also is offering his own values to benefit someone other than himself. The death of Enkidu sent Gilgamesh on an adventure to challenge death, but ended up ultimately learning his main lesson from Utnapishtim, a man who became immortal. Utnapishtim tells him [you] will assemble the gods for your sake, so that you may find that life for which you are searching (Sanders 9). After Utnapishtim tells him how fortunate he is, Gilgamesh learns how to appreciate his life every day and that death is suppose to happen to everyone. He takes this information back to his kingdom, fully understanding that death is simply just apart of life. Gilgamesh returns home noticing one third of the whole is city, one third is garden, and one third is field, with the precinct of the goddess Ishtar. These parts and the precinct are all Uruk (Sanders 10). When Gilgamesh arrives back to Uruk he admires his town and how unique it is. He has a new outlook on his surroundings, appreciating the life he has been given. Originally Gilgamesh was set out on a journey to conquer death and instead came back as with a perspective. From the beginning to the end of Gilgameshs story, one can see a complete transformation in Gilgameshs character. The strong and arrogant king expressed vulnerability after the death of his second half, sending him on a journey to overcome his fear of oblivion and death. In the end, Gilgamesh learns to appreciate his life until he dies and that death was simply apart of life. Gilgameshs obvious flaws and the journey he went through does not make him a hero, but the fact that he learned has morphed and grown into a stronger individual does. People change in this world sometimes for the better and sometimes for the worst, but in this case Gilgamesh changed for the better.
Wednesday, January 1, 2020
Traditional Garments of Ancient Civilizations Still Worn...
Asia Saree / Sari The sari (or saree) is a cloth with a length ranging from five to more than nine yards that is tied and folded loosely around a womans body to create it in a form of a dress. The sari is weaved primarily made from cotton threads, but other variations, such as linen and silk and recently, polyester, have also been used to create the fabric needed for this popular dress among the Indians (Kamat, 2012). The sari is reported to be 5,000 years old, originating from the Indus Valley civilization, dated between 2800-1800 B. C. It is said to have evolved from the word Sattika or Sadi (Prakrit), which simply means, strip of cloth. Further, tracing the history of the sari, it was construed that the sari actually originated from the male dress dhoti, which is the male counterpart for the sari. From the sari, an idea for a womens dress developed, and throughout the centuries, this dress became more elaborate and developed, eventually becoming to what is known as sari today (Kumar, 2001). One of the unique characteristics of the sari (and dhoti) is that these dresses are unstitched. Apparently and reportedly, there is a certain sacredness to the fact that the sari is not a stitched garment (Kumar, 2001). While the sari is currently used as a functional and aesthetic dress, it initially served as a functional dress: the cotton material used for the sari and its initial use as worn only around the waist and over the shoulder (reportedly women use the sariShow MoreRelatedWhat Does History And Culture Of A Civilization Shape Its Unique Fashion Styling And Influence Modern Day Fashion2558 Words à |à 11 PagesFashion and celebrity, as they are today, are often seen as the end product of a long historical process of industrialisation and democratisation. 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